伊斯蘭教簡介 Introduction to Islam

 

伊斯蘭簡介：名稱由來 Introduction to Islam: Origin of the Name

  1. “伊斯蘭”一詞源自於阿拉伯文，其字義是歸順、服從、安寧、和平，即本著順從造化養育宇宙萬物的真主，獲得身心的安寧，社會的安定與世界的和平。
    The word "Islam" is derived from the Arabic language, and its meanings are submission, obedience, tranquility, and peace, i.e., to obtain physical and mental tranquility, social stability, and world peace through obedience to God, who created and nourished all things in the universe.
     
  2. 伊斯蘭之教名來自於古蘭經，在我國亦被稱為回教、清真教。
    The name of Islam comes from the Quran, and in our country it is also known as Hui and Qingzhen (Halalism).
     
  3. “穆斯林”一詞亦源自於阿拉伯文，意思是“歸信並順從真主命令的人”。
    The word "Muslim" is also derived from the Arabic language means "one who believes in and obeys the commands of Allah".

伊斯蘭教的六大基本信仰 The Six Basic Beliefs of Islam

  1. 信真主：“認主獨一”，即相信真主是造化、調養宇宙萬物，掌管今世與執掌後世最後審判的唯一主宰。
    Belief in Allah: "Recognizing Allah as One," i.e., believing that Allah is the only One who created and nourishes all things in the universe, and who oversees this world and the final judgment of the Hereafter.
     
  2. 信天使：相信真主造化及差遣的天使，他們絕對忠誠順從真主，執行真主的命令，而且是人們行善作惡的見證與記錄者。
    Belief in Angels: Belief in the angels created and sent by God, who are loyal and obedient to God, carry out His commands, and are witnesses and recorders of people’s the good and bad deeds.
     
  3. 信經典：相信真主降示給人類的經文和啟示，包括以前的“舊約“和”新約”，但因其中部份失傳或遭竄改，因此穆斯林只遵從唯一可信並受真主保護而完整的“古蘭經”。
    Belief in the Scriptures: Belief in the Scriptures and revelations revealed by God to mankind, including the Old and New Testaments, some of which have been lost or tampered with, and therefore the Muslims only follow the complete Qur'an which is trustworthy and protected by God. 
     
  4. 信聖人：相信真主在不同時代，對每一個民族所差遣以警告世人並引領於正道的眾使者，始自於阿丹（求真主賜他平安）而終至於最後的先知──穆罕默德聖人（求真主賜他平安）（簡稱穆聖）。我們尊敬並聽從他們的教誨，但絕不崇拜他們。
    Belief in the Saints: Belief in the messengers sent by God to each nation at different times to warn the world and lead it to the right path, beginning with the Adhan (peace be upon him) and ending with the last of the prophets, Muhammad SAW (peace be upon him). We respect and listen to their teachings, but we do not worship them.
     
  5. 信後世：相信人死後，至世界末日來臨時，將要復活，並接受真主公正的審判；在今世時，歸信真主並行善者，將得到天堂樂園的報賞；不信真主而多行不義者，將受到火獄的刑罰；今世是短暫的，而後世是永恆的。
    Belief in the Hereafter: Believing that after death, when the end of the world comes, people will be resurrected and will be judged by Allah justly; that those who believe in Allah and do good deeds in this world will be rewarded in Paradise; and that those who disbelieve in Allah and commit many sins will be punished by the Fire; that this world is short-lived, but the Hereafter is everlasting.
     
  6. 信前定：相信宇宙一切事物之發生皆係真主的安排與事前制定的，但是真主亦賦予人類理智選擇善惡行為的自由，個人需為自己的行為負責。
    Believe in Predetermination: Believe that all things in the universe are arranged and predetermined by Allah, but that Allah has also given mankind the freedom to choose between good and evil behavior, and that individuals are responsible for their own actions.

伊斯蘭教的五大功課 The five major tasks of Islam

  1. 唸：即誦唸“清真言”宣示“宇宙無應受拜之主，唯有真主，穆罕默德，是主使者”。
    Shadada: Reciting the "Shahada" which declares that "there is no one in the universe to be worshipped but Allah, Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah.
     
  2. 禮：堅守每天五次禮拜（晨、晌、晡、昏、宵）與星期五聚禮日的主命拜功，按時敬拜真主。
    Salaat: Observing the five daily prayers (morning, noon, afternoon, evening, and night) and the Friday congregation prayer, and worshipping Allah on time.
     
  3. 齋：每年伊曆九月，奉行一個月之齋戒，每日自晨至昏，禁絕飲食、男女、娛樂；虔誠敬主，堅忍自省，去慾止惡並行善。
    Ramadan: The fasting in month of Ramadan is observed every year in the ninth month of the Islamic calendar, Hijrah, from the morning until the evening of each day, with abstinence from food, drink, relationship between men and women, and entertainment; and being pious and respectful to Allah, persevere in self-reflection, eliminate desires, stop evil and do good deeds.
     
  4. 課：每年結算財產一次，以富餘總值的四十分之一出散天課，濟貧扶弱，用於合乎教法之福利事業，善盡富者之社會責任，消弭貧富之界限。
    Zakat: The property is settled once a year, and one-fortieth of the total value of the wealth is used to distribute Zakah to help the poor and the weak, to be used for welfare causes in accordance with the Shari'ah (Islamic Law), to fulfill the social responsibility of the rich, and to eliminate the boundaries between the rich and the poor.
     
  5. 朝：如能力、條件足夠，一生需去阿拉伯半島之聖地麥加朝覲一次。
    Hajj: A Muslim needs to make a pilgrimage to Mecca once in life, the Holy land in the Arabian Peninsula if his/her condition of health and wealth is enough.